The investigation of infertility includes targeted tests aimed at identifying factors that affect conception. The protocol differs between women and men due to the specific characteristics of each reproductive system.
What Female Testing Includes
- Hormonal profile: Thyroid hormones (TSH), FSH, LH, progesterone, prolactin, AMH (assessment of ovarian reserve).
- Ultrasound examination: Evaluation of the uterus and ovaries.
- Tubal patency testing: Hysterosalpingography, when indicated.
What Male Testing Includes
- Semen analysis: Sperm concentration, motility, morphology.
- Additional tests when required: Sperm culture, hormonal profile (e.g., testosterone, FSH, LH), testicular ultrasound.
Key Differences
In women, testing is usually more extensive due to multiple possible points of dysfunction (ovulation, fallopian tubes, endometrium). In men, the initial evaluation is often completed with semen analysis, with further investigation pursued only when abnormal findings are present.
When to Begin Testing
It is recommended to start the evaluation after 12 months of unsuccessful attempts at conception (or after 6 months if the woman is ≥35 years old), in order to avoid loss of valuable time.
Next Step
The Southeastern Fertility Solutions team provides comprehensive, individualized assessment and guidance to develop the most appropriate treatment plan.